Surface Land Use Activities and Potential Impacts to Ground Water Resources



OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the potential for ground-water contamination based on current land use and the capture zones of current and proposed municipal supply wells.

DESCRIPTION

Ground water is the primary source for drinking water supplies in Dane County.  Numerous wells throughout the county withdraw vast volumes of water to meet existing community needs.  At present many of these communities are proposing development of new wells to meet the needs of their growing populace.

Originating as precipitation at the surface, water that does not evaporate or follow the process of evapotranspiration generally percolates through near surface soil where it accumulates in porous subsurface geologic materials.  Rock or sediment which is saturated and sufficiently permeable to transmit economical quantities of water to wells is recognized as an aquifer.  Much of the ground water withdrawn from aquifers in Dane County originated as surface precipitation, hence the awareness of many communities that surface activities can impact the quality of future ground-water resources.

This project will use a ground-water model specifically designed for Dane County to evaluate the capture zone of existing and proposed high capacity municipal wells under a 100-year pumping scenario.  A capture zone essentially defines the path of influence created by a pumping well, that is, a molecule of water within this path of influence would theoretically be captured by the pumping well.  A map will be made delineating the capture zones and will be overlain with a county land use map.  Intersection of capture zones with land use areas designated as industrial zones will be identified as potential source locations for ground-water contamination.  The end product will be a map showing areas whose existing land use may potentially impact ground water resources.


PERSONNEL

Tom Mendes
tmendes@webtv.net